Quite a difference between retribution and retaliation. 509 - 9 - 2

Superficially retribution and retaliation seem similar, however, first a few definitions.

Retribution:

• recompense, reward
• the dispensing or receiving of reward or punishment especially in the hereafter
• something given or exacted in recompense; especially:  punishment

Recompense:

recompensed; recompensing

• transitive verb: a:  to give something to by way of compensation (as for a service rendered or damage incurred) b:  to pay for
• to return in kind:  requite

Retaliate:

• retaliated; retaliating
• transitive verb:  to repay in kind retaliate an injury
• intransitive verb:  to return like for like; especially:  to get revenge

[Merriam-Webster]

Per CM, Retribution and Retaliation are very distinct words and he provides insightful lists from sermon notes by Ken Ortiz.

Retaliation is always Negative, Personal, Amoral, Punitive, Angry, Bitter, Vindictive, Wrathful and Human.

Retribution is Sometimes Positive, Impersonal, Moral, Consequential, Dispassionate, Judicious, Just, Self-controlled and God-like.

CM adds that Retribution is a basis of life, “a deserved punishment; return for evil done; or sometimes good.” CM follow-up verses; Matthew 7:2, Psalm 18:25, 26, Isaiah 35:4; 59:18 and Galatians 6:7, 8.

One of the above verses that I try to remember is Matthew 7:2, “For with what judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again.” 

Retaliate is literally to “pay back” means “to pay back a wrong or injury; return like for like, usually to return evil for evil. CM follow-up verses 1 Peter 3:9 “Not rendering evil for evil…” and Romans 12:19 “...Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord.”

The study of the Book of Esther recalls Genesis 12:3. As Joel Richardson reminds us, someday a Jew will rule the world.

“We must recognize that the phrase “the day of vengeance” is not merely a general reference to the end times; rather, it is a very specific phrase speaking of the Lord’s retribution against Israel’s enemies and the ultimate triumph of Israel. Although the Scriptures are clear that Israel will experience a very great purging immediately before this time, “the day of vengeance” is specifically “for the cause of Zion” (Isaiah. 34: 8). It is always a reference to the Lord coming in revenge to save Israel from her enemies in her darkest hour and to execute a decisive and final judgment against them.”

[When A Jew Rules the World: What the Bible Really Says About Israel in the Plan of God by Joel Richardson]

Isaiah 34:8, "For it is the day of the LORD'S vengeance, and the year of recompences (H7966) for the controversy of Zion." 

Recompences, H7966, from the root H7999; a requital, that is, (secure) retribution, (venal) a fee: - recompense, reward. H7999,to be safe;  completed; by implication to be friendly; by extension to reciprocate: make amends... recompense, render, requite, make restitution, restore, reward.